There is two types of transformers in the market- linear transformer and switch mode power transformer. The transformers design is different. Sometimes it is just referred as ac transformer. Linear transformer mostly used in radio, scheme kits, Vcd and etc while switch mode transformer can be found in Monitor, Tv, Fax and so on.
Testing a Transformer - How To Accurately Test A Transformer
A transformer consists of two or more coils wound on the same core. For power transformers, the core material is normally iron. For a radio-frequency transformer, the core material is normally ferrite or air. The basic asset of a transformer is to turn Ac voltage. A transformer cannot turn direct current voltage. A step down transformer has a lower Ac production voltage at its secondary winding than the Ac input voltage to its original winding. Conversely, a step up transformer has a higher secondary than original voltage. The transformer laminations or coating of shellac, enamel or varnish is to insulate adjacent turns from shorts between winding. I will not go too details about how transformer work and transformer calculation as you can read more details from most electrical and electronic transformers books.
How to test transformers: Transformer failures are relatively rare in most electronic equipment, compared with other components. If too much current goes through a coil or winding, the winding heats up and can whether open up completely, or the insulation between turns of wire can break down, causing the coil to be partly or completely shorted.
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